Pineapple
The Latin name of the pineapple is Ananas. It is derived from the word ‘nana’, which was the local Indian people’s name for the plant. Over the past 100 years, the pineapple has become one of the leading commercial fruit crops of the tropics. The pineapple is a tropical fruit and grows in countries such as Brazil, Thailand, Costa Rica, and the Philippines. The pineapple has his origin in Brazil and Paraguay. It takes 18 months to grow and the fruit is available the whole year.Did you know…
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In the Caribbean, pineapples are placed on doormats to welcome newcomers. They are seen as a symbol of hospitality.
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Pineapples are a combination of many flowers whose individual fruitlets fuse together around a central core. Each fruitlet can be identified by an “eye,” the rough marking on the pineapple’s surface.
Most important export countries
- Costa Rica
- Thailand
- Philippines
- Belgium
- Indonesia
Most important production countries
- Brazil
- Thailand
- Philippines
- Indonesia
- China
Production chain
Pineapple production is very labour intensive. During the entire period of 18 months in which the pineapple grows a large number of work activities take place. Examples are: preparing the ground, planting, fertilizing, pesticide spraying, harvesting and packing. Different indicators are used to determine when the fruit is ripe and ready for harvest. Size of the plant, colour of fruit and Brix content (the soluble sugar content) are the main criteria. Sea transportation is the main form of international transport. Most of the pineapple harvest is used for domestic consumption, whereas a smaller percentage is exported, either fresh, canned, or as juice.
Problems
A study on plantations in the Philippines showed that workers were forced to work for 11 hours per day, including pregnant women. In many plantations in Costa Rica and the Philippines workers are under constant pressure to increase production. Accidents occur often. Proper gear is seldom provided for protection against the sharp barbs at the end of the pineapple leaves and the chemicals used on the plantations. There are numerous reported cases of big pineapple producing companies trying to prevent workers from organizing and joining unions. Legal minimum wages are circumvented by setting unrealistically high work targets. Contract workers are used, who are often paid on a piece rate basis and cannot engage in collective bargaining. Another issue is the intensive use of pesticides in the pineapple sector. These chemicals are released in the plantations but they also pollute the surrounding environment. Apart from deteriorating the soil and polluting ground water, pineapple companies have also been known for misplacing their waste. Studies show that there has been an overall loss of biodiversity in pineapple producing areas in Costa Rica and the Philippines, both because of the use of agro-chemicals and the huge land areas covered only with pineapples.
Major Chain Issues
In the pineapple sector, Fairfood International has identified the following major chain issues:
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Solutions
The guide below shows certification schemes whose standards indicate a match with some or all of Fairfood’s researched major issues for this commodity. To learn more about the schemes, click on their logo.
![]() Fairtrade |
![]() Global Gap |
![]() EU Organic Labels |
![]() Naturland |
![]() Rainforest Alliance |
![]() IMO Fair for Life |
Entire chain |
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Entire chain |
In addition to making use of standards and certification schemes, major issues in this commodity could also be addressed in a customised manner. The box below outlines a few examples of initiatives that deal with sustainability issues in this particular sector. Companies could join some of the platforms or roundtables mentioned below. These could serve as a stepping stone to increased sustainability. Other initiatives, in the form of corporate programmes and chain partnerships, could serve as inspiration for replication by other companies within the sector. To learn more about any of the initiatives, click on their logo.
Corporate program![]() |
The Nature & More (N&M) initiative was established in December 2004 by international organic fruit distributor Eosta as a communication tool and additional quality assurance mechanism for organic fruit and vegetables. N&M aims to provide information on the social and environmental contribution individual organic farmers are making. A trace and tell system is used to make farmer and product information accessible for consumers thus continuously increasing transparency. Priority issues |
Platform![]() |
The Sustainable Agriculture Initiative Platform is a corporate initiative established in 2002 by Danone, Nestlé and Unilever. The platform was established to facilitate the exchange of knowledge and initiatives, which promote sustainable agricultural practices. SAI Platform Working Group on Fruits has developed the Principles and Practices for Sustainable Fruit Production, which incorporates social and environmental issues. The SAI Platform is focussed on collaboration and they have no requirements for the implementation or verification of the principles and practices. |

















